SS-31 (Elamipretide)

What the research on SS-31 has looked at

• SS-31 and cardiolipin: it binds cardiolipin directly. The match is close to one peptide molecule for one of cardiolipin. Its aromatic parts push deep into the membrane. Doing so restored electron transfer in isolated mitochondria. It also raised how efficiently they made energy.
• Elamipretide in heart failure, two trials that disagree: one trial in people with weak heart pumping found the heart's chambers shrank. A later, larger trial found no change in the same measurement. Nothing published squares the two.
• Elamipretide and an inherited disorder of cardiolipin: 12 people took part. The randomized half of the trial missed both of its main goals. An open-label half followed, where everybody knew what they were taking. That half reported improvements at 36 weeks.
• Elamipretide and an inherited muscle disorder: 218 people took part in the largest trial of it. That trial missed both main goals. Walking distance came out about three meters worse, not better.
• Elamipretide in healthy older adults: 39 people took part. The muscle's peak energy output in the body rose. One of the two ways of writing that result fell just short of the usual threshold. It did not make anyone less tired.